A magnifying glass makes things look bigger because it bends light rays. The magnifying glass is a convex lens, which means that it curves outward. When light rays pass through a convex lens, they are bent so that they converge, or come together, at a point called the focal point.
The closer the object is to the lens, the closer the focal point is to the lens. This means that when you look at an object through a magnifying glass, the light rays from the object are bent so that they converge at a point in front of your eye. This makes the object appear to be larger than it actually is.
The amount of magnification that a magnifying glass provides depends on the focal length of the lens. The focal length is the distance between the lens and the focal point. The shorter the focal length, the greater the magnification.
A typical magnifying glass has a focal length of about 2 centimeters. This means that it can magnify an object by about 2 times. However, there are magnifying glasses with focal lengths of up to 5 centimeters, which can magnify objects by up to 5 times.
Magnifying glasses are used for a variety of purposes, such as reading small print, inspecting jewelry, and examining insects. They are also used in science experiments to study small objects.